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Samples Containing Rare Earth Elements

Sample Preparation Guide:
Part 8

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Overview

The Rare Earth (RE) elements include Y, La, and the Lanthanides (Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu). The chemistry of these elements is sufficiently similar that they can be treated as a group rather than individually. RE elements are technically the elements grouped as the 'Lanthanides', which are Ce thru Lu. However, chemists generally think of the Rare Earths as Sc, Y, La and the Lanthanides (Ce thru Lu) while others exclude Sc but include all of the others.

Inorganic Ventures has never worked with Promethium (Pm), which is a man-made, radioactive element. Although I have excluded Pm from these discussions, it can be safely assumed that it's chemistry is no different from the naturally occurring Lanthanides.

The following table shows the source of the names of the RE elements and is for those of you who, like myself, find the etymology interesting:

Name Source of Name Symbol
Cerium Planet Ceres Ce
Dysprosium Gr. = hard to speak with Dy
Erbium Ytterby, a town in Sweden Er
Europium Europe Eu
Gadolinium Professor Gadolin Gd
Holmium Stockholm Ho
Lanthanum Gr. lanthano = to conceal La
Lutetium Lutetia = old name for Paris Lu
Neodymium Gr. neos didymos = new twin Nd
Praseodymium Gr. praseos didymos = green twin Pr
Samarium Samarski = a Russian Sm
Scandium Scandinavia Sc
Terbium Ytterby, a town in Sweden Tb
Thulium Thule = Northland Tm
Ytterbium Ytterby, a town in Sweden Yb
Yttrium Ytterby, a town in Sweden Y

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